Add a flaw or blemish to, make imperfect or defective
English: flaw, blemish
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
menodaiBahasa Indonesia
sully, besmirch, blemish, defile, smirch
Less common
#16,491 of the corpus · 2.9 per million words · 12,545 occurrences
From noda (meN-…-i) · less common, #6,612
Verb
Color with a liquid dye or tint
English: stain
Bahasa: mewarnai, mencontengkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Make impure
English: pollute, foul, contaminate
Bahasa: infeksi, mengotori, mencemari, mencemarkan, menulari, mengotorkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
8 more verb senses
Charge falsely or with malicious intent, attack the good name and reputation of someone
English: defame, slander, smirch, asperse, denigrate, calumniate, smear, sully, besmirch
Bahasa: fitnah, mencemari, mengumpat, memfitnah, mencemarkan, mencoreng, mengoles, menconteng
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Smear so as to make dirty or stained
English: smirch, besmirch
Bahasa: mengotori, mencemarkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Make soiled, filthy, or dirty
English: dirty, soil, begrime, grime, colly, bemire
Bahasa: mengotori, mengotorkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air, also used metaphorically
English: tarnish, stain, maculate, sully, defile
Bahasa: mencemari, mencontengkan, mengumuhkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Place under suspicion or cast doubt upon
English: defile, sully, corrupt, taint, cloud
Bahasa: mengotori, mencemari, menajiskan, kecemaran, mengotorkan, melumangkan, melumari, mengumuhkan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Mar or spoil the appearance of
English: deface, disfigure, blemish
Bahasa: merusak, cacat, menjelekkan, mencacati
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Contaminate with a disease or microorganism
English: infect, taint
Bahasa: infeksi, mengotori, mencemari, mencemarkan, menulari, mengotorkan, jangkit
Less certain link between this word and this sense.
Make more complex or refined
English: sophisticate
Bahasa: memalsukan
Less certain link between this word and this sense.